Stone mosaic can actually be regarded as a development and extension of mosaic craftsmanship. It is a new stone product derived from the combination of mosaic craftsmanship and new processing techniques and technologies. Like the early stone mosaic, it is mainly the grouping of stone slab products. This can be regarded as an enlarged version of the stone mosaic. In the later period, due to the application of waterjet technology and the improvement of processing accuracy, the mosaic technology of the mosaic is brought into full play. Extremely, formed its own unique style. However, stone mosaic in foreign countries still belongs to the category of stone mosaic.
The classification of stone parquet:
According to the development of stone mosaic, it is mainly divided into two categories: mosaic stone mosaic and mosaic stone mosaic.
The processing principle of stone parquet (waterjet parquet):
The processing principle of stone waterjet parquet is: use computer-aided drawing software (CAD) and computer numerical control programming software (CNC) to convert the patterns designed by people into NC programs through CAD, and then transfer the NC programs to the CNC water cutting machine. According to the design requirements, the selected various natural stones are cut into independent graphic components with a numerical control water cutting machine. Then the various stone pattern parts are manually spliced, repaired and bonded into a whole, and finally polished, so that the entire waterjet mosaic processing is completed.
Stone parquet production process:
The production process of stone parquet mainly consists of three links: design, material selection and processing.
The design of stone parquet:
A good stone mosaic design must be beautiful, practical, and artistic. To design stone mosaic products that consumers love, it is necessary to go deep into life, observe and understand people's love and needs, and capture creative inspiration from life. At the same time, it is necessary to combine the actual situation of the residence, with the external environment and the overall decoration style. The most successful is the coordination and unity.
The selection of stone parquet:
In principle, the selection of parquet materials is determined according to the specific parquet design requirements or the materials and materials required by the customer. If the customer has no material selection requirements, the materials will be selected according to the national inspection standards for the stone industry issued by the country. The selection of stone mosaic requires attention to these three aspects:
1. Color
In the entire mosaic pattern, the layout color of the same stone must be the same, but for some color differences (sago, gold fragrant jade, Shanhu red and other marbles), there are large color differences on the same board. Time to distinguish and plan well. The basic principles of the selection of materials are: first, the selection of materials is based on the principle of gradual transition of colors, and the second is the principle of not affecting the aesthetic decoration effect of the mosaic.
If the effect of the board surface is too poor to achieve a good decorative effect or the processing requirements of the customer, it is best to obtain the customer's consent before processing.
2. Texture
In the processing of stone parquet, the texture change of the board surface is also very important. This is especially true for high-end products with high quality, high requirements and high artistic quality. The best texture change should be combined with the design, so as to better show the effect of the design. The specific texture direction depends on the specific situation, there is no absolute standard to refer to. Generally, for circular mosaics, the pattern can go around the circumference or along the radius, but whether it is around the circumference or along the radius, the consistency of the pattern must be ensured. For square mosaics, the general pattern of the pattern extends along the length direction, and can also radiate along the width direction, or change along the length and width directions at the same time. No matter how the texture is placed, the key point is how to achieve the design and decorative effect of the stone mosaic, and the best decorative effect of the mosaic shall prevail.
3. Color lines, stains, cracks, holes, sand holes, mildew
From the quality of parquet, these stone defects are absolutely not allowed. But because stone is naturally generated, there are sometimes no ways to control it. , So many stones have certain flaws more or less. Therefore, when we select and use materials, we must also consider these issues comprehensively, avoid what can be avoided as much as possible, and what cannot be avoided depends on the specific situation. And should repair these appearance defects as much as possible. However, the allowable range of defects cannot affect the overall decorative effect of the mosaic.
At the same time, because most of the stone mosaics are assembled by small components, it can make full use of the leftover materials from the natural stone slab production, but the premise must meet the previous selection standards.
Stone parquet processing:
The processing link of stone mosaic is mainly divided into 5 steps: template making, making sub-parts, adjusting and grouping, adding seams and strengthening, and polishing.
1. Template making
The production of the mosaic template is mainly based on the previous design requirements, drawing the mosaic pattern on the three-plywood and marking the stone type used for each pattern. Then it is numbered according to the connection sequence between the various decomposition patterns of the parquet to prevent confusion. Then use a sharp knife to cut out each pattern mold along the outer line of the pattern. Note that the top of the cutting line must be perpendicular to the horizontal line, not oblique, and the arc angle cannot be moved.
2. Make parts
The traditional method is to accurately depict the shape and specifications of the mold made before on the selected stone (slate) and cut them separately. Note that when cutting, it is better to reserve a machining allowance on the periphery, about 1-2mm, which is used as a remedy for moving. However, most of the current cutting is done with waterjets, and there is no need to make templates. The required specifications, sizes, shapes, etc. are input into the waterjet numerical control equipment, and the required parquet pattern components are directly cut on the board through computer control.
A very important part of this step is to distinguish the colors of the various components in the same mosaic. After all, the stone is a natural thing, and the same large slab also has color differences. The cut mosaic is different from the large slab, and is divided. There is no room for excessive color in each part of the same mosaic, so if there is a color difference, it will be very obvious. Although the color has been divided once in the material selection stage, you should pay attention to it in this link. It is best for the stone with color difference. It is to use the same board surface with the same texture, color and particle on the same stone mosaic.
3. Adjust the grouping
Slowly grind the reserved part of the cut parquet assembly to the connecting line, so that the parts can be perfectly matched. First use a small amount of adhesive for positioning, and then glue the whole pattern one by one after the whole mosaic is completed.
The main points of bonding: Divide into several groups according to the connection of each small component, first run-in and bond from the center, then run-in and bond separately, then group-to-group run-in and bond, and finally run-in and bond with the frame. In this way, the bonding is not easy to make mistakes and not easy to move, and the stone components are not easy to break. It can be said that the efficiency is high and the quality is good.
4. Stitch reinforcement
After the overall pattern is glued together, after all, it is impossible to truly achieve seamless connection, more or less there will be gaps, and there may be small defects in processing, so it is necessary to repair and add seams to the stone mosaic. The usual method is to mix epoxy resin, stone powder and pigments evenly and adjust them to the color of the stone to be repaired. When the color is similar to the stone, add a small amount of drier to mix, and quickly repair and fill the gap. , Be sure to fill in place to allow the adhesive to penetrate into place, and when the adhesive dries, you can scrape off the surface pigment. Finally, spread fiber gauze on the back of the entire stone mosaic, sprinkle with stone powder and resin, and evenly smooth it, so that the gauze and the stone slab are bonded to strengthen the surface of the mosaic.
5. Polishing
First, the back of the glued stone parquet is leveled, and then it is turned upside down and placed on the grinding table, polished smoothly without gaps, and finally polished with wax.
The acceptance criteria of stone parquet board:
1. The color and texture of the same stone in the same mosaic pattern should be consistent, without obvious color difference, color spots, color line defects, and no yin and yang colors.
2. The board has no cracks, no damage, no gaps.
3. Peripheral dimensions, gaps, and pattern stitching error are less than 1mm.
4. The flatness error is less than 1mm and there is no gap.
5. The surface gloss is not less than 80 degrees.
6. The color of the color material for bonding the gap or the color of the material used to fill the stone should be the same as the color of the stone.
7. Diagonal lines and parallel lines should be straight and parallel, curved corners can't move, sharp corners can't be blunt.
Note: When packaging, be sure to face the smooth surface to prevent scratches, and stand upright to make it longitudinally stressed.
